I got an answer in my study this morning to the question I had (in our Spirit class) last week about seeking God’s face. You may or may not be interested, but thought I’d share.
As a reminder, my confusion was based off of Exodus 33:18, where Moses asks God to “Please show me your glory,” and God responds “you cannot see my face.” I did not understand this when comparing to David’s response to God in Ps. 27:8 which is “Your face, LORD, do I seek.” It seemed odd to me that David, knowing this story in Exodus, would seek God’s face which would kill him.
So, the big E on the eye chart I was missing was the sin of the golden calf. God’s relationship with Israel changed in several ways after Moses came down Mt. Sinai the first time and they were worshiping an idol. Here are 3 major changes:
1. The Angel – Previously, God had sent his angel with Israel to destroy their enemies (23:23). Now the angel is with them lest God himself would destroy them (33:5).
2. Tent of Meeting – God had commanded Israel to build the Tabernacle. Its purpose was to be the place where God could meet with his covenant people. (29:42-43). After the calf, the Tent of Meeting was only for Moses and Joshua and it was set apart from the people themselves. There was as shift from a tent where God would dwell with his people to a means where he was set apart from them.
3. Moses and the Glory of God – In God’s original descent upon Mt. Sinai, all of God’s people could see His glory, (24:16-17), and it looked like a consuming fire to them. When God spoke to Moses on the mountain after the calf, it changed in 3 ways:
a) No display of God’s glory before all people
b) Moses’ face was covered by God’s hand so he could see only the back parts of God’s glory.
c) The Israelites saw God’s glory only as a reflection from Moses’ face (34:30). Going forward, the covenant that God makes with Israel focuses on the role of the mediator. Through him God will display his glory to his people.
Along with this change in the display of God’s glory, there was a change in the purpose of revealing God’s glory. At first, it was “to test you, so that the fear of God will be with you to keep you from sinning” (20:20). After the “great sin”, when the Lord passes by Moses, what Moses learns about God is not fear, but that God is a gracious God, full of compassion. (33:19, 34:6-7)
(All of this found in Sailhamer’s The Pentateuch as Narrative commentary, forgive the improper citation.)
So, what I gather is that there was a time of covenant between God and his people where he would reveal his glory. That was lost and things were changed after the golden calf incident. Moses, who had seen God’s glory face to face was not pleading that God would again reveal his glory to him, but God would only allow it in part. As this relates to David, there seems to be a prompting by God to David (and all people) to “seek my face” (Ps. 27:8a). And David responds that his heart says, “Your face, LORD, do I seek”. And then in v. 9, he asks God not to “hide” HIs face from him, apparently as God did with Moses.
So, there appears to be this beckoning and call back to the pre-calf covenant state of relationship, prompted by our gracious, compassionate God who is slow to anger.
All this to say, I want to seek God’s face with all my heart.